Mechanical drawings are the summary of technical requirements and the necessary data for robots. Remember to collect them!
▌ general technical requirements
1. Remove scale from parts.
2. The processing surface of the parts shall be free from scratches, scratches and other defects that damage the surface of the parts.
3. Remove burrs and flash.
▌ heat treatment requirements
1. HRC50 ～ 55 after quenching and tempering.
2. Parts shall be subject to high-frequency quenching, tempering at 350-370 ℃, and hrc40-45.
3. Carburizing depth: 0.3mm.
4. Conduct high temperature aging treatment.
▌ tolerance requirements
1. The unspecified shape tolerance shall meet the requirements of gb1184-80.
2. The allowable deviation of unmarked length dimension is ± 0.5mm.
3. The casting tolerance zone is symmetrical to the basic dimension configuration of the blank casting.
▌ part edges and corners
1. Fillet radius R5 is not noted.
2. All unmarked chamfers are 2 × 45°。
3. Sharp angle / sharp angle / sharp edge is blunt.
▌ assembly requirements
1. All seals must be soaked with oil before assembly.
2. It is allowed to heat the rolling bearing with oil, and the oil temperature shall not exceed 100 ℃.
3. After the gear is assembled, the contact spot and side clearance of the tooth surface shall meet the provisions of GB10095 and gb11365.
4. It is allowed to use sealing filler or sealant when assembling the hydraulic system, but it shall be prevented from entering the system.
5. The parts and components (including purchased parts and outsourced parts) to be assembled must have the certificate issued by the inspection department before they can be assembled.
6. Parts must be cleaned and cleaned before assembly, and there shall be no burr, flash, oxide scale, rust, chip, oil stain, colorant and dust.
7. Before assembly, recheck the main fitting dimensions of parts and components, especially the interference fitting dimensions and relevant accuracy.
8. Parts shall not be knocked, bumped, scratched or rusted during assembly.
9. When fastening screws, bolts and nuts, it is forbidden to strike or use inappropriate screwdrivers and wrenches. After fastening, the screw groove, nut, screw and bolt head shall not be damaged.
10. For fasteners with specified tightening torque requirements, torque wrenches must be used and tightened according to the specified tightening torque.
11. When the same part is fastened with multiple screws (bolts), all screws (bolts) shall be tightened crosswise, symmetrically, step by step and evenly.
12. The conical pin shall be painted with the hole during assembly. The contact rate shall not be less than 60% of the fitting length and shall be evenly distributed.
13. The flat key and the two sides of the keyway on the shaft shall be in uniform contact, and there shall be no clearance on the mating surface.
14. The number of tooth surfaces simultaneously contacted by spline assembly shall not be less than 2 / 3, and the contact rate shall not be less than 50% in the length and height direction of key teeth.
15. After the sliding fit flat key (or spline) is assembled, the accessories can move freely without uneven tightness.
16. Excess adhesive shall be removed after bonding.
17. The semicircular holes of the bearing outer ring, the open bearing seat and the bearing cover shall not be jammed.
18. The outer ring of the bearing shall be in good contact with the semicircular hole of the open bearing seat and the bearing cover. During the color inspection, it shall be in uniform contact with the bearing seat at 120 ° symmetrical to the center line and the bearing cover at 90 ° symmetrical to the center line. When the feeler gauge is used for inspection within the above range, the 0.03mm feeler gauge shall not be inserted into 1 / 3 of the outer ring width.
19. The bearing outer ring shall be in uniform contact with the end face of the bearing cover at the positioning end after assembly.
20. After the rolling bearing is installed, it shall rotate flexibly and stably by hand.
21. The joint surfaces of the upper and lower bearing shells shall be closely fitted, and the 0.05mm feeler gauge shall not be used for inspection.
22. When fixing the bearing bush with locating pin, drill and ream and match the pin under the condition that the opening and closing surface and the end surface of the bearing hole are flush with each other. The pin shall not be loosened after being driven.
23. The bearing body and bearing seat of spherical bearing shall be in uniform contact, and the contact shall not be less than 70% by color coating method.
24. When the surface of the alloy bearing liner is yellow, it is not allowed to use. There is no nucleation within the specified contact angle. The nucleation area outside the contact angle shall not be greater than 10% of the total area of the non-contact area.
25. The reference end face of the gear (worm gear) and the shaft shoulder (or the end face of the positioning sleeve) should be fitted, and the 0.05mm feeler gauge should not be used for inspection. The perpendicularity requirements between the gear reference end face and the axis shall be ensured.
26. The joint surface of gearbox and cover shall be in good contact.
27. Before assembly, strictly check and remove the sharp angle, burr and foreign matters left during the processing of parts. Ensure that the seal is not scratched during installation.
▌ casting requirements
1. The casting surface shall be free of cold shut, crack, shrinkage hole, penetrating defect and serious incomplete defects (such as under casting, mechanical damage, etc.).
2. The casting shall be cleaned without burr and flash. The pouring riser on the non processing surface shall be cleaned and flush with the casting surface.
3. The casting characters and marks on the non machined surface of the casting shall be clear and legible, and the position and font shall meet the drawing requirements.
4. Roughness of non machined surface of casting, sand casting R, not more than 50 μ m。
5. The pouring riser and flying spurs shall be removed from the casting. The residual amount of pouring and riser on the non machined surface shall be leveled and polished to meet the surface quality requirements.
6. The molding sand, core sand and core bone on the casting shall be removed.
7. The dimension tolerance zone of the casting with inclined parts shall be symmetrically arranged along the inclined plane.
8. The molding sand, core sand, core bone, fleshy, sticky sand, etc. on the casting shall be leveled and cleaned.
9. The wrong pattern and the casting deviation of the boss shall be corrected to achieve a smooth transition and ensure the appearance quality.
10. The depth of the wrinkles on the non machined surface of the casting shall be less than 2mm and the spacing shall be greater than 100mm.
11. The non machined surface of machine product castings shall be shot peened or roller treated to meet the requirements of cleanliness SA2 1 / 2.
12. The casting must be water toughened.
13. The surface of the casting shall be flat, and the gate, burr and sticky sand shall be removed.
14. The casting shall not have casting defects such as cold shut, crack and hole that are harmful to the use.
▌ coating requirements
1. Before painting, rust, scale, grease, dust, soil, salt and dirt must be removed from the surface of all steel parts to be painted.
2. Before rust removal, remove grease and dirt on the surface of steel parts with organic solvent, alkali solution, emulsifier, steam, etc.
3. The time interval between the surface to be coated and the primer shall not be more than 6h after shot blasting or manual derusting.
4. The surface of riveted parts contacting each other must be coated with a thickness of 30-40 μ M anti rust paint. Lapped edges shall be sealed with paint, putty or adhesive. The primer damaged due to processing or welding shall be repainted.
▌ piping requirements
1. Before assembly, all pipes shall be free of flash, burr and chamfer. Use compressed air or other methods to clear the sundries and floating rust attached to the inner wall of the pipe.
2. Before assembly, all steel pipes (including prefabricated pipes) shall be degreased, acid washed, neutralized, water washed and rust proofed.
3. During assembly, the parts fixed by threaded connection such as pipe clamp, support, flange and joint shall be tightened to prevent loosening.
4. Pressure test shall be carried out on the welded parts of prefabricated pipes.
5. When piping is replaced or transferred, the pipe separation port must be sealed with adhesive tape or plastic pipe to prevent any sundries from entering, and the label must be attached.
▌ requirements for repair welding parts
1. Defects must be completely removed before welding. The groove surface shall be smooth and smooth without sharp corners.
2. According to the defects of steel castings, the defects in the welding area can be removed by shovel excavation, grinding, carbon arc air gouging, gas cutting or machining.
3. Sand, oil, water, rust and other dirt within 20mm around the welding area and groove must be thoroughly cleaned.
4. During the whole welding process, the temperature of the preheating zone of the steel casting shall not be lower than 350 ° C.
5. If conditions permit, welding shall be conducted at the horizontal position as far as possible.
6. During repair welding, the welding rod shall not swing too much laterally.
7. When the steel casting surface is stacked and welded, the overlap between weld beads shall not be less than 1 / 3 of the weld bead width. The welding flesh is full, and the welding surface is free of burn, crack and obvious nodulation. The appearance of the weld is beautiful, and there are no defects such as undercut, slag, air hole, crack and splash; The welding wave is uniform.
▌ forging requirements
1. The nozzle and riser of the ingot shall have enough cutting capacity to ensure that the forging has no shrinkage hole and serious deflection.
2. The forging shall be forged on a forging press with sufficient capacity to ensure that the inside of the forging is fully forged.
3. The forgings are not allowed to have visible cracks, folds and other appearance defects affecting the use. Local defects can be removed, but the cleaning depth shall not exceed 75% of the machining allowance. The defects on the non machined surface of the forging shall be cleaned and smoothly transited.
4. The forging shall be free of white spots, internal cracks and residual shrinkage cavities.
▌ requirements for cutting parts
1. The parts shall be inspected and accepted according to the process. After the previous process is qualified, the parts can be transferred to the next process.
2. The processed parts are not allowed to have burrs.
3. The finished parts shall not be placed directly on the ground, and necessary support and protection measures shall be taken. The processing surface shall be free of rust, corrosion, bumps, scratches and other defects affecting performance, service life or appearance.
4. There shall be no peeling after rolling the finished surface.
5. There shall be no oxide scale on the surface of the parts after heat treatment in the final process. The mating surface and tooth surface after finishing shall not be annealed.
6. The processed thread surface shall be free of defects such as black skin, bump, disorderly buckle and burr.