Compressive Stress: Definition, Unit, Formula, and Example
Compressive stress is the opposite of tensile stress, which refers to pressure or force that is applied to a material in a direction that is parallel to its surface. This type of stress is often referred to as compression, and when it is applied to a material, it causes the material to become shorter in the direction in which the force is applied. Compressive stress can be found in many everyday items such as bridges, buildings, and even in our bodies.
Definition
Compressive stress refers to the pressure or force that is applied to a material in a direction parallel to its surface. This type of stress is often referred to as compression, and when it is applied to a material, it causes the material to become shorter in the direction in which the force is applied. It is different from tensile stress, which is the opposite of compressive stress and refers to pressure or force that is applied to a material in a direction that is perpendicular to its surface.
Unit and Formula
The unit of compressive stress is typically expressed as pounds per square inch (psi). The formula for calculating compressive stress is:
Where: F is the force applied to the material, A is the area over which the force is applied, and σ is the compressive stress.
Example
To illustrate, let’s consider a simple example. If a force of 10 lbs is applied to a material with an area of 1 in2, then the compressive stress would be 10 lbs/in2.
Conclusion
In conclusion, compressive stress refers to a pressure or force that is applied to a material in a direction that is parallel to its surface. The unit for compressive stress is typically expressed as pounds per square inch (psi), and the formula for calculating compressive stress is F/A = σ. An example of compressive stress can be seen in the image above, where a force of 10 lbs is applied to a material with an area of 1 in2, resulting in a compressive stress of 10 lbs/in2.