M2 Tool Steel Properties and Uses: A Comprehensive Guide
Introduction to M2 Tool Steel
M2 tool steel is a highly sought-after material used in the production of tools and components with excellent wear resistance and high temperature hardness. It is often referred to as “high-speed steel” because it maintains its hardness at elevated temperatures, making it ideal for applications such as drill bits, milling cutters, taps, reamers, broaches, and knives. M2 steel also has a good balance of toughness and ductility, making it suitable for manufacturing parts that require high strength as well as flexibility.
Chemical Composition of M2 Tool Steel
M2 tool steel is an alloy steel composed primarily of iron, carbon, and tungsten. It has a chemical composition of 0.85–0.90% carbon, 4.75–5.50% chromium, 1.20–1.60% molybdenum, 0.25–0.45% vanadium, 0.20–0.40% manganese, 5.00–7.00% tungsten, 0.30–0.50% silicon, and 0.70–1.00% cobalt. These elements give M2 steel its unique properties and make it one of the most widely used tool steels.
Physical Properties of M2 Tool Steel
M2 tool steel is known for its superior wear resistance, high hardness, and excellent toughness. It can be heat treated to achieve a hardness of 68 HRC (Rockwell Hardness Scale) and a tensile strength of up to 2200 MPa (megapascals). Additionally, M2 tool steel is resistant to oxidation and corrosion, making it suitable for use in wet environments such as marine applications.
M2 Tool Steel Applications
Due to its high hardness and excellent wear resistance, M2 tool steel is used for a variety of applications including cutting tools, drill bits, reamers, taps, and dies. It is also used for cold and hot forming operations in the automotive, aerospace, and defense industries. Additionally, M2 tool steel is often used in the production of components for civil engineering, such as bridges and buildings.
Heat Treating M2 Tool Steel
When heat treating M2 tool steel, it is important to ensure that the proper temperature and time are used. M2 tool steel needs to be heated to 1055–1065°C (1930–1950°F) and held for one hour per 25 mm of thickness. After heating, it should be cooled in air or oil. If oil is used for cooling, the oil should be heated to 150–250°C (300–480°F).
Conclusion
M2 tool steel is a high-speed steel with excellent wear resistance and high temperature hardness. It is composed primarily of iron, carbon, and tungsten and has a hardness of 68 HRC and a tensile strength of up to 2200 MPa. Due to its superior properties, M2 tool steel is used for a variety of applications including cutting tools, drill bits, reamers, taps, and dies. Heat treating M2 tool steel requires heating it to 1055–1065°C and cooling it in air or oil.