1、 Indexable tool blade model compilation standard
1. Model representation rules of indexable turning tool
GB ／ T5343.1, which is equivalent to ISO5680-1989. It is applicable to the model establishment of modular cutter heads for indexable cylindrical turning tools, end turning tools, anti profile turning tools and assembled composite tools. The model is also composed of a group of letters and numerical codes arranged in the specified order.
2. Model representation rules of indexable tools with holes
It is based on ISO7406-1986. It is applicable to the compilation of models of indexable surface tools, three side edge (groove) tools, sleeve vertical tools and cylindrical tools. Its model consists of 11 number positions (there are only 10 number positions for face tools, and there is no 11th number position). The first 1~4 positions indicate the characteristics of the tool body. The number position behind the zigzag number indicates the blade clamping method and blade characteristics.
3. Model representation rules of indexable tools with handles
It is based on the international standard ISO7848-1986. Its model is also composed of 11 numbers. Among them, five number positions represent the characteristics of the tool body, two number positions represent the characteristics of the handle, and four number positions represent the clamping method of the blade and the characteristics of the cutting edge length.
4. Model representation rules of indexable blade
GB2076-87, equivalent to ISO1832-85, the models of indexable cutting inserts (including turning inserts and tool blades) produced by domestic and foreign cemented carbide plants meet this standard. It is composed of ten symbols arranged in a certain order by letter and number codes of given meaning. The 8th and 9th positions respectively represent the section shape of the cutting edge and the cutting direction of the blade, which can be marked only when necessary.
2、 Standard for indexable inserts
1. GB2079-87 (instead of GB2079-80) non porous carbide indexable inserts: the international standard ISO0883-1995 is adopted for this standard. The standard specifies the series dimensions of 12 types of blades: TNUN, TNGN, TPUN, TPGN, SNUN, SNGN, SPUN, SPGN, TPUR, TPMR, SPUR, SPMR.
2. GB2077-87 (instead of GB2077-80) Cemented Carbide Indexable Blade Fillet Radius: This standard is equivalent to the international standard ISO3286-1976. Standard specified tool tip fillet radius r ε The dimension series of is 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 2.0, 2.4, 3.2 mm.
3. GB2078-78 (instead of GB2078-80) carbide indexable inserts with round holes: this standard is equivalent to the international standard ISO3364-1985. The standard specifies 36 types of round hole cemented carbide insert size series including TNUM, TNMM, TNUG, TNMG, TNUA, TNMA, TNMA, ENUM, FNMM, WNUM, SNUM, SNMM, SNUG, SNMG, SNUA, SNMA, CNUM, CNMM, CNUG, CNMG, CNUA, CNMA, DNUM, DNMM, DNUG, DNMG, DNUA, DNMA, VNUM, VNMM, VNUG, VNMG, VNUA, VNMA, RNUM, RNMM.
4. GB2081-87 (instead of GB2081-80) carbide indexable tool blade: this standard is equivalent to the international standard ISO3365-1985. This standard specifies 13 types of indexable tool blade series dimensions, including SNAN, SNCN, SNKN, SPAN, SPCN, SPKN, SECN, TPAN, TPCN, TPKN, TECN, FPCN and LPEX.
5. GB2080-87 (instead of GB2080-80) counterbore carbide indexable inserts: this standard is equivalent to the international standard ISO6987 ／ 1-1993. The standard specifies 12 types of counterbore carbide indexable inserts, including TCMW, TCMT, WCMW, WCMT, SCMW, SCMT, CCMW, CCMT, DCMW, DCMT, RCMW and RCMT.
3、 Indexable tool standard:
1. National standard GB5340-85 for indexable vertical tools: It is formulated with reference to international standards ISO6262/1-1982 and ISO6263/2-1982. There are two parts: the straight shank vertical tool and the Morse taper shank vertical tool.
2. The national standard GB5341-85 for indexable three side cutting tools is formulated by referring to the international standard ISO6986-1983.
3. The national standard GB5342-85 for indexable surface cutters is formulated by reference to the international standard ISO6462-1983.
4. Indexable spiral vertical tools: vertical tools with 32~100mm diameter straight shank or tapered shank are specified in the standard. Because of its long edge, it is formed by overlapping several pieces of carbide indexable inserts arranged along the helix, which is suitable for rough milling.
1、 Classification of common tools
1) According to the tool structure, it can be divided into: ① integral type; ② The machine clamp type is divided into two types: non indexable and indexable (flying knife); ③ Special type, such as compound cutter, damping cutter, etc.
2) According to the cutting tool materials, it can be divided into: ① high speed steel cutting tools; ② Welding tool; ③ Carbide cutter; ④ Diamond tools; ④ Coated tools ⑤ tools made of other materials, such as cubic boron nitride tools, ceramic tools, etc.
3) It can be divided into: ① milling tools; ② Drilling tools, including drills, reamers, U-drills, etc; ③ Boring tools, etc.
4) Special tools: ① Graphite tool: machining graphite electrode ② Copper processing tool: machining copper electrode ③ Rib processing tool: machining rib position (groove), mostly used in high-speed machining center ④ Inclined tool: machining standard inclined plane, etc
Refer to Tool Information Table and Tool Handle Technical Parameters Table for tool types
2、 Tool selection
The tool selection is based on the processing capacity of the machine tool, the performance of the workpiece material, the processing form, the cutting amount and other relevant factors. The general principle of tool selection is: easy installation and adjustment, good rigidity, high durability and precision.
1. Select the tool according to the processing capacity of the machine tool
1) High speed machining center: coating cemented carbide tool series and Daijie series tools are generally used. It is not recommended to select tools above D20 for existing high-speed machining centers, but they can be selected φ 52、 φ 63 face milling cutter.
2) General machining center: general application of flying knife series, alloy series. It is not recommended to select tools below D2 and high-speed machining tools for existing common machining centers
2. Select the tool according to the workpiece material
1) Graphite electrode: graphite tool
2) Copper electrode: copper machining tool, high-speed steel tool, alloy tool
3) Quenching material (above HRC50): carbide coated tools
3. Select the tool according to the shape of the workpiece to be processed
When selecting a tool, the size of the tool should be compatible with the surface size of the workpiece to be machined:
1) End milling cutter is often used to process the peripheral contour of plane parts;
2) The machining of standard slope profile usually adopts slope cutter;
3) When milling the plane, the carbide cutter should be selected;
4) The groove cutter and the rib processing cutter are used for the reinforcement processing;
5) For some 3D surfaces, you can select FLATE CUTTER, BALL CUTTER, TOROIDAL CUTTER.