What is G-code: Definition, Function, Types & Uses
G-code (also known as “G programming language”) is a language used to instruct CNC machines and 3D printers how to make a part. It is a numerical control (NC) programming language that is used to create instructions for a CNC machine to follow. G-code is the language of computer numerical control (CNC) machines and is used to program CNC machines to perform tasks such as drilling, milling, cutting, engraving, and more. G-code is a widely used programming language in the manufacturing industry that is used to control automated machine tools.
A G-code file is a text file that contains a set of commands or instructions written in the G-code language. The commands tell the machine what action to take and when to take it. The G-code commands are written in a specific order, and each command must be written correctly or the machine will not understand it. The G-code file is then sent to the CNC machine which reads the G-code commands one by one and executes them.
G-code is a simple language that can be used to control a wide variety of automated machines, from 3D printers to laser cutters to CNC mills. G-code commands are typically composed of a few basic elements: a letter, a number, and an optional comment. The letter specifies the type of command (e.g., move, rotate, stop), the number specifies the amount of the specified action (e.g., how much to move or rotate), and the optional comment provides additional information about the command (e.g., where to move or how fast to move).
There are several different types of G-code, but the most common are:
- Absolute G-code: Absolute G-code defines the position of the tool in relation to the machine coordinate system. This type of G-code is used for 3D printing.
- Incremental G-code: Incremental G-code defines the distance between two points in relation to the previous point. This type of G-code is used for CNC machining.
- Modal G-code: Modal G-code is a type of G-code that allows a machine to stay in a certain mode until it is changed. This type of G-code is used for CNC machining.
The uses of G-code are vast. G-code can be used to create parts for a wide range of applications, including automotive, aerospace, medical, and consumer products. G-code is also used in 3D printing, laser cutting, and CNC machining to create prototypes, custom parts, and finished products.
G-code is an essential tool in modern manufacturing, and its importance will only grow as technology advances. With the right knowledge and skills, G-code can be used to create parts with complex shapes and intricate details. As technology continues to evolve, G-code will continue to be a powerful tool in the manufacturing process.